Systematic Review and Meta-analysis • 2025 • Salse-Batán and colleagues; Geriatric Nursing
Research Summary
This review examines stretching programmes as a possible way to improve walking and balance in older adults. It included 29 studies, with methodological quality assessed as good in 16 and fair in 13. A pooled analysis of six studies involving 139 participants found improved walking speed compared with groups that did not undertake exercise. The reported standardised effect was moderate, but the small pooled sample limits confidence in broad conclusions. The review suggests that flexibility work can contribute to movement ability, while leaving uncertainty about which approaches are most useful and how benefits compare with other exercise types. Stretching should not be presented as a substitute for strength, balance or aerobic training. Nor does a gain in walking speed automatically demonstrate fewer falls or greater long-term independence. The review searched literature through October 2023.
Evidence and limitations: 29 studies; gait-speed pooling limited to 139 participants
Catalogue reference: KL-021. Source reviewed: 27 September 2026. This summary is independent of the publisher.